Learn How to Avoid a Medical Emergency

Heat and humidity add up to danger and if you know the signs, you can quickly avoid a medical emergency.

Emergency rooms see an increase in cases of heat stroke and dehydration in July and August.

The American College of Emergency Physicians gives this advice on how to stay safe in hot weather:

• Check the heat index before going out to work, play or practice and plan accordingly.
• Avoid direct sunlight in the middle of the day. Schedule activities for the early morning or early evening hours.
• Wear loose, light-colored clothes and hats. Dark colors absorb more heat.
• Drink lots of water or sports drinks; about 8 ounces an hour when in the sun in order to avoid dehydration.
• Take frequent breaks in the shade or in air-conditioning to cool off.

Calculate the “apparent temperature” before taking part in activities. According to the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration:

• In 90 degrees and 50 percent humidity, it feels like 96. At 70 percent humidity, it feels like 106 degrees. Heat exhaustion is likely, so take it easy.

Heat exhaustion can include cramps, heavy sweating, nausea, heart-rate changes and dizziness. Get the victim out of the sun, remove excess clothing and place cool towels on extremities. Fan and give small sips of water.

• At 95 degrees and 50 percent humidity, it feels like 107 degrees. Once you get to 70 percent humidity, it feels like 124 degrees. At that temperature and at any higher temperature or humidity, it is extremely dangerous to be outside and heatstroke could occur.
• Reaching 100 degrees, humidity ranging from 35 percent to 55 percent can cause heat exhaustion. At 100 degrees, humidity of 60 percent or higher puts a person into heat stroke territory.

Heatstroke is a medical emergency. Symptoms include confusion, an altered mental state, unconsciousness and hot, dry skin. Call 911. Do not give fluids, which can cause seizures.